Jainism and Buddhism(600BC- ) → Writers & Key Terms in Buddhism - Neenv

Writers & Key Terms in Buddhism

Key Term / Concept	Meaning / Purpose
a) Chaityas	Prayer halls used by monks.
b) Viharas	Monasteries where monks reside.
c) Pravrajya	A ceremony marking a person’s transition from household life into homelessness, becoming a novice under a preceptor. It involves shaving the head and donning ochre robes.
d) Upasampada	The ordination ceremony in which the novice becomes a full-fledged member of the monastic community.
e) Uposatha	A ceremony held on full moon and new moon days.
f) Parajika	Refers to defeat or expulsion from the Sangha due to four serious offenses: sexual intercourse, theft, killing, and false claims of spiritual attainment.
g) Pavarana	A Buddhist holy day held on Aashvin full moon, marking the end of the rainy season. Monks must atone for any offenses committed during Vassa (rainy retreat).
h) Upasakas	Male lay followers who have taken refuge in the Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha but have not taken monastic vows.
i) Upasikas	Female lay followers who have taken refuge in the Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha but have not taken monastic vows.
j) Bodhisattva	Enlightened beings who renounce their own salvation to help others attain enlightenment. They are often depicted wearing jewelry, elegant garments, and in graceful postures.
k) Bhikkhu Sangha	Sangha (community) of monks.
l) Bhikkhuni Sangha	Sangha (community) of nuns.
m) Theragatha	Verses of Elder Monks
n) Therigatha	Verses of Elder Nuns
o) Shramana/Samana	One who strives to realize the truth
p) Paribbajaka/Parivrajaka	Wanderer
q) Shakra	God Indra

Important Buddhist Writers

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